Editor's note
The development of agricultural products processing is a trend in recent years. It is of great significance to extend the industrial chain and value chain, promote farmers to share the value-added benefits of processing and circulation, and promote the integration and development of the 123 industry in rural areas. At present, the 153 million farmers' cooperatives, more than half from the simple agriculture farming close links towards Chan Jiaxiao integrated operation. However, due to the limited funds, lack of technical and other reasons, the development of agricultural products, the general level of the development of agricultural products is relatively low, the value added effect is limited.

Jiangsu Province Ring County even tens of thousands of shallow water lotus cooperatives rely on more than 4000 acres of shallow water lotus root, development of lotus root slicing and the lotus root juice processing, the products are sold in Japan, South Korea and Southeast Asian countries. This year, the cooperatives and Shanghai a travel company, in shallow water lotus base for the development of tourism projects, increase the output efficiency. As the lotus root juice processing cooperatives. Zhang Yiqiang photo

　　Newspaper reporter Wu Jinbin
"From the price of 2.5 yuan per catty." On June 30, Qixian County, Shanxi Province, Yaohua fruit industry cooperatives sent to Britain at the end of a group of pear just from the gas regulating library shipped to processing and packaging workshop, watching the sorting, processing and packaging of the workers, CO President Yan Weiyao.
Last fall, the pear farm price fell to 0.3 yuan per catty. After several months of storage and processing, income range Yaohua fruit industry cooperatives members it is self-evident.
Yaohua fruit industry cooperatives is the National Farmers' cooperatives processing demonstration unit and the National Farmers' cooperatives demonstration agency. 10 years, the cooperatives out of a growing, early processing, marketing integration approach. At present, the annual domestic sales in 30 million kg, the international export trade in 20 million kg.
Cooperatives into the processing industry can extend the industrial chain and value chain, and promote farmers to share the value-added benefits of processing and circulation. And how far to go, how to go further to become a subject of cooperatives.
The development of cooperatives "blue ocean" - in the whole product supply chain to get a greater market space
With the Yaohua fruit industry cooperatives in the same year won the first farmers cooperatives processing demonstration unit of Shanxi Yushe County River Valley millet professional cooperatives, Wuxiang County three Bay planting professional cooperatives invariably chose extends from planting to processing and marketing direction.
"Not to engage in processing, the profit is too low, agricultural prices are high and low, the day is very sad." The river valley millet cooperatives President Wang Jianfu said.
Wang Jianfu's feeling is the survival reality of farmers' professional cooperatives. After years of development, cooperatives in the realization of the agricultural scale, modernization and peasant docking market play a main role and the status of the primary producers of agricultural products has made many cooperatives have stretched, cooperatives again stood in the new historical starting point.
In our country, the agricultural product processing industry is relatively backward, the domestic agricultural product processing industry output value and the agricultural output value is only 1: 2.2, but the developed country most is 4: 1.
"Horizontal distance is the distance, vertical is the space." Shanxi Provincial Department of agriculture agricultural products processing bureau director Li Yuefeng said, "the practice of developed countries is encouraging co-operatives processing, by extending it to processing link to improve cooperative market competition ability, enhance the level of profitability, which is the cooperative development direction."
2014 to 2015, Shanxi Province, there are 22 cooperatives to become the national farmer cooperatives processing demonstration units. The cooperatives through self initiate processing and the formation of the farmers is the main body of the new agricultural industrialization manages mode, compared with the traditional "company + peasant household" mode, showing the obvious advantages of the system, it broke the agricultural product processing industry company monopoly situation, for the processing of agricultural products to usher in a new force.
Cooperatives processing the formation of an independent "production (processing)" full product supply short chain, so that farmers get rid of only in the supply chain of agricultural products and upstream and downstream suppliers competing situation. The benefits of doing so is to can not only overcome the intrinsic defects inherent in the primary agricultural products, but also shortens the distance with the end consumer, thus in the market competition with greater maneuvering space.
This means that cooperatives do processing, for their own to find a blue ocean".

　The old short board has become a new problem about processing of innate strength is weak, the acquired power shortage
Wuxiang County three Bay planting professional cooperatives specialized in the production and processing of organic stone flour, organic yellow millet, organic black millet, handmade noodles, grains and flour products, farmer participation has reached 2380 households, 10000 acres of planting base, processing base 20010 square meters.
"We are all in a simple process." Agricultural Bureau of Jinzhong City, said Cao Jianming, chief of agricultural products processing. The basic situation of the three Bay cooperatives and Yaohua fruit cooperatives confirms this point.
Shanxi Province, the proportion of processing type of cooperatives is very small, more than simple processing, a higher level of processing is only about 2%. Due to a late start, cooperatives engaged in purchase of agricultural products, storage, preservation, packaging, processing, marketing, more than twice the processing amount is very small, fine processing is essentially zero, additional value is not high.
"Lack of products, lack of funds, the industry chain is short, the operation is not standardized, less support." In the face of reporters on the cooperative processing difficult to do where the question, Li Yuefeng said five aspects of a sudden.
Small scale, the strength is not strong, lack of funds, financing difficulties is the old short board. In face processing, Xiaodaxiaonao processing become helpless choice. Moreover, the profit level of cooperatives is not high, the annual dividend to farmers, slow accumulation of funds. In addition, the cooperatives in the eyes of the bank is not the legal financing of the main body, which makes it difficult to start the development of cooperatives in the beginning of the development of cooperatives.
At the same time, the lack of processing personnel also led to the cooperation of agricultural products processing innovation capacity is insufficient, to the deep processing and finishing forward basically can not see enough. Compared with the company's processing, cooperatives from the beginning of the fall of a big cut. This means that at present only large and profitable cooperatives to do the processing conditions.
"The introduction of advanced technology, a lack of information, two lack of funds." The river valley millet cooperatives President Wang Jianfu said. Let the chairman and distressed, co-operatives and processing in Shanxi and not very awesome support policies. Policy is the enterprise to a signal light, lack of signals to do so they have to do processing concerns.
As a result, the government used fiscal policy, financial policy, cooperatives to provide technology, talent supply and financing service, enhance the capacity of comprehensive development of the cooperatives, let more cooperatives involved in processing, furthermore, by increasing the degree of primary agricultural products processing to improve farmers income, upgraded to mention of modern agriculture, the inevitable choice.
A new path of self growth: the establishment of a joint agency to promote internal resource sharing
In addition, there is no other kind of self growth possible?
In September 2015, Qixian's first professional farmers cooperatives of Shanxi zero fruit professional cooperative association was founded.
The joint agency initiated by Yaohua fruit industry cooperatives. Participate in joint and King King fruit industry cooperatives, corundum fruit industry cooperatives, Sanxin fruit industry cooperatives and other engaged in fruit production, processing and sales of professional cooperatives, involving the county Guxian County town 11 villages, members 173, 1828 acres of orchards.
Farmers' professional cooperatives set up a joint agency will be alone in the fruit industry joint fleet. At present, the Union more than 30 large and medium-sized cities in the country built a pear sales window, by virtue of the advantages of self export, products are exported to Southeast Asia more than 10 countries and regions. This year, the joint agency to expand the strategic objectives of the European market has been achieved.
Cooperative joint processing is the only way to make most of the profits in the agricultural product industry chain, and also how to protect the interests of farmers under the trend of agricultural transformation. After the joint, the less money and small scale of the problem can be alleviated, not only in the office processing achieve the integration of internal resources sharing, even extension of industrial chain to sell link, expand the field of leisure and sightseeing agriculture, realizes the industrial fusion, so that farmers get more share industry red and possible.
In fact, in recent years, many cooperatives have also seen this, some have been effective cooperation in the cooperative level. However, the market position of the cooperatives and farmer cooperatives as awkward, farmers into cooperatives from the free terms, allowing the bank to difficult recognized for the full capacity of the market main body.
"So modified cooperative law, allow cooperatives to become the subject of equal status in the new business, the introduction of gold content high supportive policies for cooperatives to accelerate cooperative do processing development become problems urgently to be solved." Li Yuefeng said.

     Commentary

Both the organization of farmers to set up co-operatives or guide cooperatives to extend the industrial chain to do processing, in the design pattern of early heart are inseparable from a theme, this is to promote the farmers to share the agricultural products circulation in the processing of value-added benefits.
This design is determined by the national conditions of our country's agricultural management system, we must adhere to the basic position of family management in agriculture, and protect the interests of farmers to the sustainable development of agriculture. We innovate the agricultural management system, through the cooperative development of the farmers professional cooperatives, cooperatives are on the basis of innovation. So in the processing of cooperatives and cooperatives can not forget the interests of farmers in the heart, to avoid capital benefit, the interests of farmers by squeezing the tendency.
Under the background of scale management, if it fails to establish the reasonable benefit joint mechanism, the "company + peasant household" mode often slid into the interests of farmers have been squeezed position. If cooperatives Lingban alone big, the farmers have become cooperation is the object, the benefits of space is excessive squeeze, cooperatives will lose the original meaning. Therefore, in the process of cooperation, we must clarify the basic fact that our cooperation is based on the interests of farmers, rather than based on scale, scale is the realization of the interests of farmers, rather than the purpose of.
Similarly, the co-operatives processing, to clarify a basic fact, that we advocate the cooperatives do processing is to break the situation of processing enterprises monopoly, the agricultural product processing industry, in order to allow more farmers to become the subject of the market have the ability to negotiate, involved in the processing of agricultural products, the market competitiveness of agricultural products, enhance the share more interests and design of a business model.
So, in the process of cooperatives, we should adhere to the bottom line of farmers cooperation, to avoid the tendency of capitalization. Just forget the interests of the farmers, the beginning of the heart, in order to stay the course in the innovation of agricultural management system on the way to stabilize.
(article source: China Agricultural News Network - Farmers Daily)