Strengthening the investigation and monitoring of cultivated land quality and strengthening the foundation of the sustainable development of Agriculture
- Ceng Yande, director general of the Department of agriculture and plant management, interpretation of the "measures for monitoring and evaluating the quality of cultivated land"

Newspaper reporter wing wing wing

On June 21, the Ministry of Agriculture Minister Han Changfu signed the Ministry of agriculture in 2016 2 orders, issued the farmland quality investigation and monitoring and evaluation methods of "(hereinafter referred to as the" rules "), since August 1, 2016 implementation. "Measures" introduced the background is what? What are the main content? How to carry out the implementation of the "measures"? Before the day, the Ministry of agriculture planting management Secretary Ceng Yande, an interview with reporters on the "measures" to focus on interpretation.
Reporter: would you please introduce the "measures" introduced the background and process.
Ceng Yande: the CPC Central Committee, the State Council has always attached great importance to the quality of cultivated land protection. Eighteen the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, the party proposed to abide by the red line of cultivated land protection, improve the most stringent farmland protection system. General Secretary Xi Jinping has repeatedly stressed that the fundamental guarantee of the national food security in cultivated land, cultivated land is the grain production "lifeline". Premier Li Keqiang instructions to strict delineation of permanent basic farmland, strict implementation of special protection, fastening the cultivated land protection fence. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the State Council issued the "on accelerating the construction of ecological civilization, the views of" the reform of ecological civilization overall plan "and other documents explicitly require strengthening the cultivated land quality monitoring and evaluation," ecological civilization reform roadmap and timetable for ""'s quality rating and quality monitoring and protection measures "column as the focus of the work of the Ministry of agriculture by 2016. These important conclusions and major deployment, fully demonstrate the Party Central Committee, the State Council to protect arable land, hold the red line of arable land firm determination.
The Ministry of agriculture attaches great importance to earnestly implement the important deployment of the central government, promote the implementation of force, promote the sustainable development of agriculture. In depth grassroots research, held a forum of experts repeatedly, widely solicit the views of the relevant state ministries and local agricultural sector, based on the drafting of the "measures". In the process of development, all aspects of the "measures" agreed and actively support.
From the practice, the development of the "measures" also has a more solid foundation. First, there is a historical heritage. In the middle and late of last century, the Ministry of Agriculture organized the two national soil survey, which systematically mastered the characteristics of soil resources, and accumulated a lot of data and data. Two is a working basis. Agricultural departments at all levels to establish a national, provincial, municipal and county levels of cultivated land quality monitoring network, the layout of the more than 10000 cultivated land quality monitoring points, formulated the cultivated land quality survey, monitoring and evaluation of technical rules and soil test series standard, formed a relatively complete technical standard system. In addition, in recent years, through the implementation of soil testing formula fertilization, farmland quality protection and improvement, the northeast black soil protection and utilization, Hunan heavy metal pollution remediation projects and other projects, but also laid some foundation. Three is a team system. At present, our country has been in the province, city and county set up all levels of soil and fertilizer technology promotion, monitoring and management institutions, there are sound scientific research and teaching and other units, soil fertilizer technology promotion and management personnel 28 thousand people. It should be said that the development of the "measures", the full consideration of China's agricultural production and quality of cultivated land protection work, with a strong scientific and operational.
Reporter: why the introduction of the "quality of arable land survey monitoring and evaluation methods"?
Ceng Yande: "all the soil, if you have food". Cultivated land is the most valuable agricultural resources and an important factor in the production of quality, how? Related to grain and agricultural output capacity. It can be said that the quality of cultivated land has become the key factor to realize the agricultural insurance supply, income protection and ecological goals. The protection of arable land, an important task is to find out the quality of cultivated land resources, to carry out monitoring and evaluation of farmland quality investigation.. Only those who have the motions of good farming tune the amount of cultivated land quality of geological survey check monitoring measurement and price and price of critiquing, farming the beadle of cultivated land protection support only have a hand to grasp the starting point, solid agricultural foundation to, national food security is guaranteed. Develop this "approach", mainly based on the following three points to consider:
One is the central requirements. Central Committee issued "on accelerating the construction of ecological civilization, the views of" the reform of ecological civilization overall plan "and other documents are clearly required to strengthen the cultivated land quality monitoring and evaluation," ecological civilization reform roadmap and timetable for "would" improve the arable land quality grade evaluation and quality monitoring and protection measures "listed as I completed in 2016, the focus of the work. The formulation of the "measures" is an important measure to implement the central government on the overall deployment of ecological civilization, which is of great significance.
Two is the responsibility of the. "Agricultural law", "land management law", "basic farmland protection regulations" clearly require the agricultural sector to carry out monitoring and evaluation of farmland quality assessment. These laws and regulations on the protection of cultivated land quality has made some provisions, but the expression is more scattered general, operational is not strong. Through the development of the "measures", the quality management of cultivated land to the top-level design, promote the quality of cultivated land investigation and evaluation of the work of monitoring and evaluation of standardized, institutionalized, scientific development.
Three is the need of reality. Overall, the current quality of arable land in China has a "three" "three low" situation. "Big three" refers to the proportion of cropland of the low yield in large, medium low yield farmland area accounted for more than 70% of the ratio of; degenerate the quality of cultivated land area, arable land degradation area accounted for more than 40%; pollution of farmland area, the national farmland soil pollution exceeded the rate of reaching 19.4%. "Three low" refers to the low organic matter content, low fertility and arable land level low. Formulated the "measures", to find out the quality of cultivated land resources, grasping the dynamics of change, and then put forward the specific recommendations of the quality of cultivated land protection and promotion.
Reporter: "measures" in the main content is what?
Yan Tak had: "approach" is the Ministry of agriculture in cultivated land quality construction and management to develop the first department regulations, is the current and future a period to promote the farmland quality investigation and monitoring and evaluation is a programmatic document. The "measures" including general principles, investigation, monitoring, evaluation, etc. chapter five of annex thirty-one. The first chapter > General > defines the formulation of the definition of "measures" the objective, the quality of arable land, responsibilities, ability construction, technical specification, information dissemination, and other content. The second chapter < Survey > clear the survey of three types of farmland quality investigation and special investigation and emergency investigation and other properties, content, implementation methods, such as the results of the use, put forward to the basic principles and requirements of the survey location layout. The third chapter < monitoring > clear cultivated land quality monitoring network established requirements, and provides all levels of cultivated land quality monitoring mechanism main responsibilities and tasks, proposed the regional monitoring station and monitoring points layout principles and facilities protection content. The fourth chapter < evaluation > clear the system of cultivated land quality evaluation, provisions of the arable land quality grade evaluation, specific regional quality evaluation of cultivated land, cultivated land quality specific evaluation indexes, new cultivated land quality evaluation and quality of cultivated land emergency investigation and evaluation etc. six evaluation and implementation method.
Reporter: "measures" in the quality of arable land survey, special investigation and emergency response to the difference is what?
Yan Tak had: the farmland quality investigation is a comprehensive survey of the quality of the land, is an important part of the national survey and census similar, general five to ten years, carry out a, the survey included the cultivated land distribution, quality level, main nutrient status, soil profile shape, main obstacle factors, cultivated land inputs (fertilizer, pesticide, agricultural film, etc.) use and, in accordance with the national unified technical specification, "bottom-up" summary of census results.
Special investigation of cultivated land quality including farmland quality level survey, specific regional farming geological quality of tone check, and Geng geological quality of cultivated land quantity of specific set index standard survey, investigation and new increasing farmland geological quality survey found 44 one square. Cultivated land quality rating survey is a survey for the quality evaluation of cultivated land grade, and the implementation of, from the cultivated land fertility (site conditions, the nature, the health status of the soil and the field of infrastructure such as selecting evaluation factors to carry out the investigation. Investigation of specific regional cultivated land quality is implemented in a certain area of cultivated land quality and the relevant situation investigation, such as the quality of farmland in the black soil region of Northeast China survey, northern wheat maize rotation farmland quality investigation, usually cases is in the functional areas of grain production and an important agricultural products production protection areas and other areas to carry out a special investigation. The investigation of the quality of cultivated land is the investigation of the implementation of some specific indexes of cultivated land quality, such as the special investigation of soil organic matter, the special investigation of heavy metal content in cultivated land and so on. New cultivated land quality survey is that added in order to understand the status of quality of cultivated land, agricultural production and the basic conditions for the ability and the implementation of the survey, mainly including the development, consolidation and reclamation formed new farmland quality investigation, investigation content including agricultural production in line with the survey investigation and arable land production capacity.
Cultivated land quality emergency investigation is due to a major accident or emergency, pollution or destruction of arable land quality may happen when the implementation of the survey, including disaster damage, cultivated land pollution events, cultivated land quality disputes such as happens when carry out temporary cultivated land quality surReporter: "measures" on the quality of arable land survey and evaluation of the work carried out a clear regulation, the next step, how to ensure that the "measures" to implement?
Ceng Yande: we consider, from four aspects to promote the "measures" to implement.
One is to establish and improve the quality of cultivated land investigation and monitoring system. Relying on the Ministry of agriculture cultivated land quality monitoring agencies and local cultivated land quality monitoring mechanism, accelerate the national arable land quality monitoring network construction, establish and improve cultivated land quality grade bulletin published on a regular basis and cultivated land quality monitoring system of annual reports. The next step, the Ministry of agriculture will guide agricultural departments at all levels, to strengthen the ability of farmland quality monitoring agencies to build, improve facilities conditions, to carry out technical training, establish and improve the quality of cultivated land investigation monitoring and evaluation system.
Two is to improve the quality of cultivated land quality monitoring network. Cultivated land quality monitoring network is the basis of the monitoring and evaluation of cultivated land quality. Next step, the Ministry of agriculture priority in arable crop rotation fallow system pilot, northeast black soil protection using pilot, north of groundwater over exploitation of comprehensive governance, Hunan heavy metal contaminated land remediation and other project district laid a certain amount of cultivated land quality monitoring points. At the same time, and actively strive for investment and strive to in the period of 45, to major grain producing areas and grain production area and an important agricultural products production protected area as the key to construct covering the main soil types of cultivated land quality monitoring network.
Three is to develop the quality of arable land survey and evaluation procedures. In recent years, the Ministry of agriculture in different regions, crop layout and types of cultivated land, formulated the the cultivated land quality division "the technical specification for the survey of soil fertility and quality assessment of technical regulations" the cultivated land quality monitoring technical specification "" early warning of cultivated land quality norms, "standards and technical regulation. Revision of the next step, we will in accordance with the requirements of the "measures", to carry out the arable land quality grade of national standard etc. series of standards, the establishment of a scientific system of farmland quality investigation and monitoring and evaluation standard system and standardize related work, to ensure the orderly conduct.
Four is to establish a quality database of cultivated land. Make full use of geographic information system, spatial positioning technology, remote sensing technology and other modern means, will be measured soil formula fertilization, the Cultivated Land Fertility Survey and quality evaluation, quality monitoring of cultivated land and cultivated land quality construction projects formed the massive data, into a unified to cultivated land quality data base, comprehensive collection, collation and analysis, to realize information management of cultivated land quality monitoring and protection work, digital operation and Tutu pieces of exhibition display shows, for leading leadership must decision strategies and agricultural industry production production provided for base foundation support hold.
(article source: China Agricultural News Network - Farmers Daily)
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