Economic Daily China Economic Trends Research Institute of new agricultural business entities research group

The new agricultural management main body development index survey report "shows that accelerating the urbanization and industrialization in the background, new agricultural business entities to agricultural production and operation provides more abundant human resources and social resources, and get higher profits through scale, integrated management, and its leading role in the" three rural "also began to appear.
The development index of new agricultural management subject is the main body of all new agricultural management in mainland China, that is, farmers' professional cooperatives, family farms, professional large families and leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization. The first phase of the survey sample covers 26 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), including 321 farmers' professional cooperatives, 839 family farm samples, 114 agricultural industrialization leading enterprise samples. New agricultural enterprises development index by index, respectively, development potential, economic performance, social performance and ecological performance and development prospects, research content based on the five indicators of, comprehensive objectively reflects the development of the new agricultural business entities.
Higher education level
Compared with the traditional agricultural production and operation rely on women, the elderly, children and other left groups, new agricultural business entities to agricultural production and operation provide more abundant human resources, investigation report reflects, new agricultural enterprises general education level higher.
There are obvious differences in the level of education of the three types of new agricultural business entities. Among them, the family farm is responsible for people by education level minimum, with college degree or above accounted for to 7.29%, than the farmers professional cooperatives responsible for people with equivalent accounted for 6 percentage points lower than, than the leading enterprises low 31 percentage points. But generally speaking, the education level of the three main subjects was significantly higher than that of the ordinary farmers. According to the sixth census, the population of rural population aged over 18 has a college degree or above accounted for only 2.43%.
More younger, men accounted for more
Under the background of urbanization and industrialization, the agricultural labor force aging phenomenon is very obvious, the proportion of women in the agricultural labor force is also increasing year by year. As of 2015, the proportion of China's agricultural workers over the age of 60 reached 18%, and as of 2006, women accounted for the proportion of agricultural labor in, up to 61.3%, rural labor force is called "993861 troops and agriculture in many regions faced with Houjifaren grim situation. To a certain extent, the development of new agricultural business entities can delay this trend. The survey showed that the age structure, the new agricultural business entities responsible for people over 60 years of age accounted for only 7%, leading enterprises responsible person was the youngest, aged 60 and above accounted for 5%, farmers' professional cooperatives is 7%, the family farm is responsible for man-made 8% more than. From the gender structure, leading enterprises in charge, family farms, professional cooperatives in the male accounted for 81%, 83% and 87%.
In addition to human resources, new agricultural enterprises for agricultural production and management provides more rich business, political, financial and social resources, can be in a certain extent resolve in agricultural production and operation difficulties in financing and market linkage weak problem. Survey shows that in the process of production and operation can be for new agricultural business entities to provide great help of business partner (or private partners) average number of 7 people, can offer great help the government (or financial institution staff for an average of 2 new agricultural business entities. Among them, the most prominent is the leading enterprises, data display, to the enterprise help great business partners (or private partners) average number is as high as 44.44 people, the average number of government or the staff of financial institutions to 11.30.
Operating scale increased significantly
In sustained macroeconomic shift under the background, in recent years, China's agricultural production, agricultural investment appear slowed to varying degrees, but the precious is, new agricultural business entities shows strong growth momentum and willingness to invest in strong, one of the important performances is a larger scale of operation, and showing a clear upward trend. Investigation revealed that the 2015 new agricultural business entities total asset value average 746.17 million yuan, 7.74% higher than 2014, which leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization operates one of the largest, in 2015, the total assets of an average of 6393.54 million yuan.
Profitability situation getting better obviously
Larger scale of operation for new agricultural enterprises has brought strong profitability, in recent years, new agricultural enterprises to the profitability of the situation getting better obviously. The new agricultural business entities in the current round of survey, in 2015 the average profit reached 687 thousand and 600 yuan, an increase of 26% compared to 2014. In addition, in all new agricultural enterprises in the loss of status of new agricultural enterprises accounted for ratio is very small, 2014, 1.79% of new agricultural enterprises in deficit condition, which accounted for in 2015 than further dropped to 1.41%, down 21%.
Horizontal view, the three types of new agricultural business entities, the most profitable is the leading enterprise of agricultural industrialization, in 2015 the average profit of 5 million 28 thousand and 200 yuan. Followed by the farmers' professional cooperatives, the average profit of 514 thousand and 200 yuan; the weakest of the profitability of the family farm, the average profit of 213 thousand and 800 yuan. Among them, leading enterprises and professional cooperatives earnings also increased significantly. Data show that leading enterprises in 2015 average profit increased by 48% compared to 2014; professional cooperatives in 2015 the average profit increased by 52%.
New forms of Rural emerging
Paying more attention to the quality of agricultural products is an important driving force for the structural reform of the agricultural supply side.