The construction of modern agriculture industry system, production system and management system of our country
2016/8/18 view:
In the field of hope to start a new picture scroll
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"It is the establishment of the national modern agricultural industry technology system, and it has saved a traditional small industry like ours." Zhang Jing, chief scientist of the national industrial technology system in barley barley, barley breeding has been studied for 30 years. Industrial technology system was established before the study of barley barley a total of more than 30 people, per capita funding shortage of 2 million yuan, and now, the whole industry each year have more than 2000 million yuan of funds for scientific research in barley barley research experts also increased to more than 200 people. "Industry is small but very unique, to the point of the sun can be brilliant, a great impact on farmers." Zhang Jing said.
National modern agricultural industry technology system is the implementation of the Ministry of agriculture, the Ministry of agriculture, agricultural major management innovation, but also to promote the reform of modern agricultural industry, one of the contents of the system. Party's eighteen years, to construct modern agriculture industry system, production system and business system as the starting point over the accelerating to promote the modernization of agriculture. From the southern region of rivers and lakes to the ranch in Northern Xinjiang, from the east coast to the western plateau, a picture of the development of modern agriculture in China and magnificent panorama spread out gradually.
Industrial system:
Mainly from planting to "six industries"
Experience gourd pyrography, ancient pear tree, taste the rice farmers adoption...... Since the beginning of summer, every day to Beijing Daxing Panggezhuang pear Village town people in a continuous line with rare experience, pastoral pleasures. Pear village is famous in Beijing pear professional village. In recent years, pear village the traditional fruit industry docking of agricultural products processing industry and leisure agriculture, "Beijing is the most beautiful countryside" signs more dazzling.
"Sell ordinary pear in the farm, but a few yuan per kilogram of money; if processed into the sale of pear wine, old Beijing pear soup, profits will be doubled; if there is a brand, organic farming or quality can be traced back to the pear, worth is greatly improved. In the season of fruits and fragrance, the city people to enjoy the scenery, picking and eating farm food, farmers' income is more different." Pear village Party branch secretary Zhang Junchen said, the village collective farmers from the hands of the circulation of the 1700 acres of land, establish the export pear processing base and agricultural sightseeing garden facilities, the villagers at the end of the year to get the dividends of shares.
"In 2015, the main agricultural products processing conversion rate of more than 60%, marking China has been from the original sale of agricultural products into the new stage of the sale of finished products." Zong Jinyao, director of the agricultural products processing Bureau of the Ministry of agriculture, in this context, to speed up the construction and market demand, and the resource endowment match the modern agricultural industry system has become a top priority. Late last year, the general office of the State Council issued the guidance on promoting the integration and development of the rural 123 industry, proposed to build a modern industrial system of agriculture and the two or three industry cross integration.
Right now, around the beginning of the 123 industry convergence development momentum, becoming a new growth point of agriculture. In the outskirts of town development of sightseeing agriculture, urban agriculture; in the major agricultural areas, high-end development of agriculture, the establishment of agricultural products processing base. In many places, is not the traditional agricultural planting and breeding industry, but the convergence of the six industries in the 123 industry "". "Six industry" is an image statement, because "1+2+3" is equal to 6, "1 x 2 x 3" is also equal to 6 of the name. That is to encourage farmers to not only engaged in primary industry (traditional breeding industry), but also in the secondary industry (agricultural products processing) and the third industry, leisure agriculture and agricultural products circulation). The industry believes that the full excavation of agricultural production, ecology, life function.
Han Changfu, Minister of agriculture, said that the modern agricultural industry system is an organic unity of horizontal expansion and vertical extension, focusing on the allocation of agricultural resources and the efficiency of agricultural products. To promote the construct modern agriculture industry system reform, is to the optimization and adjustment of agricultural structure, give full play to the comparative advantage of local resources, promote grain forage planning, agriculture, animal husbandry and fishery in combination, breeding and processing of various, primary, secondary and tertiary industries integration and development, extend the industrial chain, enhance the value chain, improve the economic efficiency of agriculture.
In promoting the reform of the development of the integration of the 123 industry, the relevant departments focus on the interests of the linkage mechanism.
Wuxiao, director of the national development and Reform Commission of agricultural economics division, said that a prerequisite for development and reform increase Department of Industrial Park, the new format and other support, and the and farmers to establish closely benefit coupling mechanism as a project support, and let the peasants share more in the industrial chain of value-added benefits. With land, forest land as the basis for various forms of cooperation, who enjoy financial input and policy support of the contractors should become shareholders and take "guaranteed income + in the form of the stock dividends, allowing farmers to share the processing, the sale of part of the revenue.
Production system:
From weather to precise gradually
The first walked into the Heilongjiang Land Reclamation people, tend to admire it: zh zhzh road into the network, forest row, ditches connected, vast land on a national agricultural aspect shuttle... At the end of last year, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council "on further promoting the reform and development of agribusiness opinions" issued, the reclamation area to ensure national food security and the effective supply of major agricultural products as the core, rely on innovation driven, experimental demonstration of new agricultural technology, new equipment, to promote modern agriculture accumulate experience.
"Case 9120 is the world's top harvester harvester, the maximum power of 523 horsepower, 24 hours can be harvested 1440 acres of corn. At present, only 11 of the world, China has only 2 units, of which 1 are on our farm." Covers an area of 11 million square meters of Heilongjiang Nongken Heshan farm machinery management center has many monster, more than 200 NTU agricultural magnificent show in front of reporters. Farm machinery control room on the big screen, showing the real-time status of all agricultural machinery, the data is monitored back to the location of the monitor clearly visible. Heshan farm use of global satellite positioning, farmland geographic information systems, remote sensing technology for information management of agricultural machinery, agricultural machinery scheduling information, the scope of operations, job content and so on are displayed in the form of 3D.
Precision agriculture performance and more. Station in Heilongjiang Nongken in farm Qixing precision agriculture center overlooking, in paddy field with colored rice species out of the big barn words is very eye-catching. Staff said, this is a computer designed after the precise seeding. Here, the rice water-saving irrigation intelligent control system has been put into use. "This set of Agricultural Internet of things system, the installation of intelligent water level controller, through the mobile phone will be able to complete the rice field irrigation, the height of the water layer can be accurate to centimeters." Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University teacher Wang Xiaoliang said, this system lasted 5 years of independent research and development. Rely on precision agriculture system, 1 million 130 thousand acres of paddy fields have created 1 billion 700 million acres of paddy rice production of rice.
Agricultural science and technology support ascension cannot do without the production system reform, and the reform is a microcosm of the reform of the national agriculture agricultural production system. At present, agricultural production has dominated by the human animal turned to mechanical work, farmers facing loess back upturned "has become history. Today, the main crop varieties basically achieve full coverage, the level of agricultural mechanization reached 63%, "summer of wheat yield reached 93%. Accelerate agricultural informatization, information villages and home of the scope of the pilot extended to 116 counties in 26 provinces, the rapid development of agricultural e-commerce.
"Modern agricultural production system is the organic combination of advanced production methods and production technology, focusing on solving the problem of the power and efficiency of agricultural development." Renmin University of China Professor, Ministry of agriculture soft science committee member Zhu Xinkai said the construction of modern agricultural production system, is to arm agriculture with modern material equipment, with modern scientific and technological services for agriculture, modern agriculture production transformation, fundamentally change agriculture "by day meal," the situation.
Management system:
From thousands of families to the new main body
"I rented a 60 acres of land, but not to the trade and Industry Bureau registration, this is a family farm?" "I go to the city to earn money, back to the village land built 10 greenhouses, year hire 12 farmers, family farms?"...... In a previous interview with reporters, encountered a lot of people ask. Prior to a long period of time, all over the need for industrial and commercial registration of different views, a lot of family farmers are also relatively confused. At that time, the family farm has been identified in the agricultural sector, but also registered in the business sector, there are still more is not been identified and did not go to the registration.
Starting in 2013, the Ministry of agriculture and the State Administration of industry and commerce this special investigations, and reached a consensus: a family farm is a natural development of economic organization, exists in many practical large scale farmers actually is the family farm, but not necessarily to the industry and commerce department registration. Two is the form of registration can be diversified, can be registered as individual industrial and commercial households, individual proprietorship enterprises or limited liability company. 2014, the Ministry of Agriculture issued a clear view, in accordance with the voluntary principle, the family farm can be determined to apply for industrial and commercial registration, in order to obtain the corresponding market qualification.
Family farm is an important part of new agricultural management main body. Since the long period of time, the agricultural production in our country is mainly small scale decentralized management, the new management main body support policy is not perfect, the cultivation of lag, the social service support is insufficient. In this regard, last year and this year's central document proposed to accelerate the construction of new agricultural management system, accelerate the formation of new agricultural management system to foster a new type of policy.
Various support measures are being introduced. Ministry of agriculture to support the focus of the new main stable operating scale, improve production conditions, to promote the implementation of financial subsidies, tax incentives, credit support, mortgage guarantees, facilities and other policies. All over the country from a variety of ways to strengthen the family farm service. Ningbo Zhejiang on the transfer of land for family farms to give appropriate funding grants. Hubei Wuhan take "first built after the fill", one by one on the family farm to carry out spot checks, on the standards of the awarding farm, and allocated subsidy funds for infrastructure construction. In this push, the national agricultural new business entities continued to develop, family farms, farmers' cooperatives, leading enterprises of nearly 270. One family farm about 200, the average operating scale of 877 thousand acres.
Since the beginning of this year, the Ministry of agriculture increasing training efforts for new business entities, plans to complete 100 million training task, accelerate the establishment of a set of subsidies, financial, insurance and facilities used for one of the new agricultural business entities support policy system. At the same time, innovative support services. To speed up the construction of agricultural credit guarantee service system, expand the scope of agricultural insurance coverage, improve the level of security, reduce the scale of operational risk.
(article source: Economic Daily)
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"It is the establishment of the national modern agricultural industry technology system, and it has saved a traditional small industry like ours." Zhang Jing, chief scientist of the national industrial technology system in barley barley, barley breeding has been studied for 30 years. Industrial technology system was established before the study of barley barley a total of more than 30 people, per capita funding shortage of 2 million yuan, and now, the whole industry each year have more than 2000 million yuan of funds for scientific research in barley barley research experts also increased to more than 200 people. "Industry is small but very unique, to the point of the sun can be brilliant, a great impact on farmers." Zhang Jing said.
National modern agricultural industry technology system is the implementation of the Ministry of agriculture, the Ministry of agriculture, agricultural major management innovation, but also to promote the reform of modern agricultural industry, one of the contents of the system. Party's eighteen years, to construct modern agriculture industry system, production system and business system as the starting point over the accelerating to promote the modernization of agriculture. From the southern region of rivers and lakes to the ranch in Northern Xinjiang, from the east coast to the western plateau, a picture of the development of modern agriculture in China and magnificent panorama spread out gradually.
Industrial system:
Mainly from planting to "six industries"
Experience gourd pyrography, ancient pear tree, taste the rice farmers adoption...... Since the beginning of summer, every day to Beijing Daxing Panggezhuang pear Village town people in a continuous line with rare experience, pastoral pleasures. Pear village is famous in Beijing pear professional village. In recent years, pear village the traditional fruit industry docking of agricultural products processing industry and leisure agriculture, "Beijing is the most beautiful countryside" signs more dazzling.
"Sell ordinary pear in the farm, but a few yuan per kilogram of money; if processed into the sale of pear wine, old Beijing pear soup, profits will be doubled; if there is a brand, organic farming or quality can be traced back to the pear, worth is greatly improved. In the season of fruits and fragrance, the city people to enjoy the scenery, picking and eating farm food, farmers' income is more different." Pear village Party branch secretary Zhang Junchen said, the village collective farmers from the hands of the circulation of the 1700 acres of land, establish the export pear processing base and agricultural sightseeing garden facilities, the villagers at the end of the year to get the dividends of shares.
"In 2015, the main agricultural products processing conversion rate of more than 60%, marking China has been from the original sale of agricultural products into the new stage of the sale of finished products." Zong Jinyao, director of the agricultural products processing Bureau of the Ministry of agriculture, in this context, to speed up the construction and market demand, and the resource endowment match the modern agricultural industry system has become a top priority. Late last year, the general office of the State Council issued the guidance on promoting the integration and development of the rural 123 industry, proposed to build a modern industrial system of agriculture and the two or three industry cross integration.
Right now, around the beginning of the 123 industry convergence development momentum, becoming a new growth point of agriculture. In the outskirts of town development of sightseeing agriculture, urban agriculture; in the major agricultural areas, high-end development of agriculture, the establishment of agricultural products processing base. In many places, is not the traditional agricultural planting and breeding industry, but the convergence of the six industries in the 123 industry "". "Six industry" is an image statement, because "1+2+3" is equal to 6, "1 x 2 x 3" is also equal to 6 of the name. That is to encourage farmers to not only engaged in primary industry (traditional breeding industry), but also in the secondary industry (agricultural products processing) and the third industry, leisure agriculture and agricultural products circulation). The industry believes that the full excavation of agricultural production, ecology, life function.
Han Changfu, Minister of agriculture, said that the modern agricultural industry system is an organic unity of horizontal expansion and vertical extension, focusing on the allocation of agricultural resources and the efficiency of agricultural products. To promote the construct modern agriculture industry system reform, is to the optimization and adjustment of agricultural structure, give full play to the comparative advantage of local resources, promote grain forage planning, agriculture, animal husbandry and fishery in combination, breeding and processing of various, primary, secondary and tertiary industries integration and development, extend the industrial chain, enhance the value chain, improve the economic efficiency of agriculture.
In promoting the reform of the development of the integration of the 123 industry, the relevant departments focus on the interests of the linkage mechanism.
Wuxiao, director of the national development and Reform Commission of agricultural economics division, said that a prerequisite for development and reform increase Department of Industrial Park, the new format and other support, and the and farmers to establish closely benefit coupling mechanism as a project support, and let the peasants share more in the industrial chain of value-added benefits. With land, forest land as the basis for various forms of cooperation, who enjoy financial input and policy support of the contractors should become shareholders and take "guaranteed income + in the form of the stock dividends, allowing farmers to share the processing, the sale of part of the revenue.
Production system:
From weather to precise gradually
The first walked into the Heilongjiang Land Reclamation people, tend to admire it: zh zhzh road into the network, forest row, ditches connected, vast land on a national agricultural aspect shuttle... At the end of last year, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council "on further promoting the reform and development of agribusiness opinions" issued, the reclamation area to ensure national food security and the effective supply of major agricultural products as the core, rely on innovation driven, experimental demonstration of new agricultural technology, new equipment, to promote modern agriculture accumulate experience.
"Case 9120 is the world's top harvester harvester, the maximum power of 523 horsepower, 24 hours can be harvested 1440 acres of corn. At present, only 11 of the world, China has only 2 units, of which 1 are on our farm." Covers an area of 11 million square meters of Heilongjiang Nongken Heshan farm machinery management center has many monster, more than 200 NTU agricultural magnificent show in front of reporters. Farm machinery control room on the big screen, showing the real-time status of all agricultural machinery, the data is monitored back to the location of the monitor clearly visible. Heshan farm use of global satellite positioning, farmland geographic information systems, remote sensing technology for information management of agricultural machinery, agricultural machinery scheduling information, the scope of operations, job content and so on are displayed in the form of 3D.
Precision agriculture performance and more. Station in Heilongjiang Nongken in farm Qixing precision agriculture center overlooking, in paddy field with colored rice species out of the big barn words is very eye-catching. Staff said, this is a computer designed after the precise seeding. Here, the rice water-saving irrigation intelligent control system has been put into use. "This set of Agricultural Internet of things system, the installation of intelligent water level controller, through the mobile phone will be able to complete the rice field irrigation, the height of the water layer can be accurate to centimeters." Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University teacher Wang Xiaoliang said, this system lasted 5 years of independent research and development. Rely on precision agriculture system, 1 million 130 thousand acres of paddy fields have created 1 billion 700 million acres of paddy rice production of rice.
Agricultural science and technology support ascension cannot do without the production system reform, and the reform is a microcosm of the reform of the national agriculture agricultural production system. At present, agricultural production has dominated by the human animal turned to mechanical work, farmers facing loess back upturned "has become history. Today, the main crop varieties basically achieve full coverage, the level of agricultural mechanization reached 63%, "summer of wheat yield reached 93%. Accelerate agricultural informatization, information villages and home of the scope of the pilot extended to 116 counties in 26 provinces, the rapid development of agricultural e-commerce.
"Modern agricultural production system is the organic combination of advanced production methods and production technology, focusing on solving the problem of the power and efficiency of agricultural development." Renmin University of China Professor, Ministry of agriculture soft science committee member Zhu Xinkai said the construction of modern agricultural production system, is to arm agriculture with modern material equipment, with modern scientific and technological services for agriculture, modern agriculture production transformation, fundamentally change agriculture "by day meal," the situation.
Management system:
From thousands of families to the new main body
"I rented a 60 acres of land, but not to the trade and Industry Bureau registration, this is a family farm?" "I go to the city to earn money, back to the village land built 10 greenhouses, year hire 12 farmers, family farms?"...... In a previous interview with reporters, encountered a lot of people ask. Prior to a long period of time, all over the need for industrial and commercial registration of different views, a lot of family farmers are also relatively confused. At that time, the family farm has been identified in the agricultural sector, but also registered in the business sector, there are still more is not been identified and did not go to the registration.
Starting in 2013, the Ministry of agriculture and the State Administration of industry and commerce this special investigations, and reached a consensus: a family farm is a natural development of economic organization, exists in many practical large scale farmers actually is the family farm, but not necessarily to the industry and commerce department registration. Two is the form of registration can be diversified, can be registered as individual industrial and commercial households, individual proprietorship enterprises or limited liability company. 2014, the Ministry of Agriculture issued a clear view, in accordance with the voluntary principle, the family farm can be determined to apply for industrial and commercial registration, in order to obtain the corresponding market qualification.
Family farm is an important part of new agricultural management main body. Since the long period of time, the agricultural production in our country is mainly small scale decentralized management, the new management main body support policy is not perfect, the cultivation of lag, the social service support is insufficient. In this regard, last year and this year's central document proposed to accelerate the construction of new agricultural management system, accelerate the formation of new agricultural management system to foster a new type of policy.
Various support measures are being introduced. Ministry of agriculture to support the focus of the new main stable operating scale, improve production conditions, to promote the implementation of financial subsidies, tax incentives, credit support, mortgage guarantees, facilities and other policies. All over the country from a variety of ways to strengthen the family farm service. Ningbo Zhejiang on the transfer of land for family farms to give appropriate funding grants. Hubei Wuhan take "first built after the fill", one by one on the family farm to carry out spot checks, on the standards of the awarding farm, and allocated subsidy funds for infrastructure construction. In this push, the national agricultural new business entities continued to develop, family farms, farmers' cooperatives, leading enterprises of nearly 270. One family farm about 200, the average operating scale of 877 thousand acres.
Since the beginning of this year, the Ministry of agriculture increasing training efforts for new business entities, plans to complete 100 million training task, accelerate the establishment of a set of subsidies, financial, insurance and facilities used for one of the new agricultural business entities support policy system. At the same time, innovative support services. To speed up the construction of agricultural credit guarantee service system, expand the scope of agricultural insurance coverage, improve the level of security, reduce the scale of operational risk.
(article source: Economic Daily)
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